Table of Contents
| Section | Title | Page |
| Purpose | 2 | |
| Scope | 2 | |
| Related Documents | 2 | |
| Glossary/Definitions | 2 | |
| General Requirements | 3 | |
| Paint Systems | 7 | |
| Alternatives For Corrosion Protection – Project Specific | 12 | |
| Change Log | 13 | |
| Cross Reference between SSPC Surface Preparation Numbers and Corresponding ISO 8501-1 Numbers | 4 | |
| Single-Coat Paint Systems for Un-Insulated Carbon Steel, -40° to 93°C (200°F): C093U-1 | 8 | |
| Two-Coat Paint Systems for Un-Insulated Carbon Steel, -40° to 93°C (200°F): C093U-2 | 8 | |
| Three-Coat Paint Systems for Un-Insulated Carbon Steel, -40° to 93°C (200°F): C093U-3 | 9 | |
| Paint Systems for Un-Insulated Stainless Steel, -40° to 93°C (200°F): S093U | 9 | |
| Paint Systems Based On Maximum Design Temperatures | 10 | |
| Finish Colors for Painting Piping, Equipment, and Structures | 12 | |
| Record of Paint Application | 14 | |
| Coating Project Inspection Report | 15 |
Note: Air Products documentation and/or drawings should identify a paint code, or whether a standard 1-coat, 2-coat, or 3-coat paint system should be used, for each item to be painted.
1. PURPOSE
1.1 This global engineering specification defines acceptable materials, surface preparation requirements, general application procedures, and inspection requirements for corrosion protection of new equipment, vessels, piping systems, and structures by painting and other methods.
2. SCOPE
2.1 This specification covers the requirements for corrosion protection of metal equipment, vessels, piping, and structures with design temperatures up to 649°C (1200°F).
2.2 This specification shall govern shop and field painting for both sale of equipment (SOE) plants and Air Products-owned and -operated facilities, worldwide.
2.3 This specification is for painting and corrosion protection of new equipment, piping, and structures. For the re-painting of existing facilities, see Air Products specification 4WEQ-6806.
3. RELATED DOCUMENTS
Note: The following codes, standards, and specifications, including applicable addenda, form part of this specification to the extent specified herein.
3.1 Air Products Engineering Documents 4WEQ-6806 Field Maintenance Painting 4APL-20001 Pipelines, External Coatings for Underground Service
3.2 ASTM International A 780 Standard Practice for Repair of Damaged and Uncoated Areas of Hot-Dip Galvanized Coatings
3.3 British Standards Institution (BSI) BS EN ISO 12241 Thermal insulation for building equipment and industrial installations — Calculation rules
3.4 International Organization for Standardization (ISO) ISO 8501-1 Preparation of Steel Substrates Before Application of Paints and Related Products‑Visual Assessment of Surface Cleanliness (Part 1: Rust Grades and Preparation Grades of Uncoated Steel Substrates and of Steel Substrates After Overall Removal of Previous Coatings).
3.5 Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC) (Internet: www.SSPC.org) SSPC-PA2 Procedure for Determining Conformance to Dry Coating Thickness Requirements
Note: In this specification, these items are identified with the preface “SSPC” Refer to Table 1 in Section 5.5 for a cross reference between the SSPC surface preparation numbers and the corresponding ISO 8501-1 numbers.
3.6 The documents listed above are referenced herein and shall apply as specifically designated. The latest edition and addenda in effect at the time of contract shall apply.
4. GLOSSARY/DEFINITIONS
4.1 DFT – Dry Film Thickness—The thickness of the paint layer after it is completely dry.
4.2 Drift—Small airborne paint droplets carried by airflow away from the intended surface.
4.3 Kit—The paint plus activators in whole containers of the correct mixing quantities as supplied by the manufacturer.
4.4 Overspray—The sprayed paint which misses the desired surface.
4.5 Primer—A paint which provides good adhesion to bare metal, and corrosion protection. Primer paints should be covered with other paints of greater durability.
4.6 Profile—A measurement of the average peak-to-valley height of the surface roughness.
4.7 Runs and Sags—Significant irregularities in the paint surface related to the flow of wet paint, caused by excess application quantity.
4.8 Sand—The use of sand paper or flexible disk to clean and smooth a surface.
4.9 Touchup—Correction of small defects in the applied paint. Surface preparation and painting of small areas. Also, the field painting after construction of areas left unpainted in the shop for making connections, including field welds, splice plates, fasteners, and pipe threads.
5. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
5.1 All exposed carbon steel surfaces of equipment, vessels, piping systems, and structures shall be painted in accordance with this specification. Painting of surfaces that will be insulated, including piping and vessels, is only required when indicated in the project-specific documents. Painting of stainless steel, both insulated and un-insulated, may be required by the project-specific documents.
5.2 The paint shop and/or painting contractor shall read and follow the product data sheets for the paints to be applied. This includes recommendations for product compatibility, surface preparation, surface profile, application procedure, application environment, film thickness, number of coats, and the time between coats. Any variance to the product data sheet recommendations shall be referred to Air Products.
5.3 All items shall be shop painted to the maximum extent practical, to minimize field touchup painting. Mating surfaces for field connections, the threaded ends of pipes, and field-weld areas shall be masked in the shop, and then field touchup painted after assembly and construction.
5.4 Exclusions
5.4.1 The following materials shall not be painted unless required by project-specific documents or local, regional, and national government offices: Aluminum, stainless steel, copper, or brass surfaces. Galvanized steel surfaces. Other corrosion-resistant surfaces. Faces of sight glasses, gauges and instrument which need to be visible. Name plates, labels and signage. The glass and other transparent surfaces. Machined gasket faces. Shaft bearing and seal faces, including valve stems and door hinges. Threaded fasteners which will be regularly removed, such as inspection doors. Base plates which will be shimmed for precision alignment or leveling.
5.4.2 Corrosion protection under fireproofing shall be performed in accordance with the recommendations of the fireproofing manufacturer.
5.4.3 Mass-produced small equipment, such as motors and valves, may be purchased with the manufacturer’s standard preparation and paint system. Inquiry should be made to the manufacturer to describe their paint system, and any optional better paint system. The project team should then consider whether the manufacturer’s paint is adequate, or to have the items repainted.
5.4.4 If new mass-produced items, such as electrical enclosures, motors, or instrumentation, are to be painted over, then it shall be done per the manufacturer’s recommendations. Many of these items have special coatings, such as polyester powders, which require special paints.
5.4.6 Tanks, piping and associated items that will be installed in the ground, shall be corrosion protected per 4APL-20001.
5.5 Surface Preparation
5.5.1 All surfaces that will be painted must be correctly prepared before painting to ensure proper coating adherence. Surfaces shall be clean, dry, and free of visible contaminants. Surface preparation requirements are defined herein by SSPC numbers. ISO equivalents are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Cross Reference between SSPC Surface Preparation Numbers and Corresponding ISO 8501-1 Numbers
| SSPC Number | NACE Number | ISO 8501-1 Number |
| SP 1 Solvent Cleaning | No reference | |
| SP 2 Hand Tool Cleaning | ||
| SP 3 Power Tool Cleaning | St 3 | |
| SP 6 Commercial Blast Cleaning | 3 | Sa 2 |
| SP7 Brush-Off Blast Cleaning | Sa 1 | |
| SP 10 Near-White Blast Cleaning | 2 | Sa 2-1/2 |
| SP 11 Power Tool Cleaning to Bare Metal | No reference |
5.5.2 Masking and plugging shall be done before high-pressure washing, abrasive blasting and painting. This includes openings in vessels and piping, and many of the items which are not to be painted (see Section 5.4.1).
5.5.3 The areas of field welding are to be masked before painting. The masking shall extend approximately 50 mm (2 in) on both sides of the weld, or the expected heat affected zone. This protection shall be maintained throughout surface preparation and painting. After shop painting, the masking tape might be covered with duct tape for greater durability during shipping and erection.
5.5.4 All oils, greases, tars, salts, and similar materials shall be removed per SSPC SP 1 before abrasive blasting. This includes the use of high-pressure washing with industrial detergents, followed by rinsing with clean water. Solvents containing chlorides shall not be used on stainless steels.
5.5.5 All loose rust, loose mill scale, or weld splatter and slag, shall be chipped or ground off. All sharp edges, points, burrs, weld platters, weld peaks, roughness, and raised surface defects shall be removed by power sanding or grinding. In the absence of abrasive blast cleaning, at minimum, all surfaces shall be power-tool cleaned per SSPC-SP-3 (ISO8501-1 ST-3).
5.5.6 Final surface preparation requirements are defined by the paint system being used, as specified in Section 6.
5.5.7 Abrasive blast cleaning shall be performed with clean and sharp abrasive. The grain size shall be suitable for producing the specified anchor profile. All abrasives shall be free of dust, dirt and other foreign matter. The compressed air supply shall be adequately sized, with after-cooler, and shall include effective oil and water separators.
5.5.8 When abrasive blasting stainless steels, the blast material shall be chloride free. The surfaces shall be checked for chlorides just before painting. If the chloride level exceeds the coating manufacturer’s recommendation, then the surfaces shall be rinsed with clean potable water until the surface chloride level is below the limit recommended by the paint manufacturer (typically 5 mg/sq m).
5.5.9 Touchups (including galvanized surfaces) requiring spot priming shall be hand- or power tool-cleaned according to SSPC SP-2 or SP-3 or SP-11. Sand the edges of the existing coating to taper the thickness and thereby make for a smooth transition with the new paint.
5.5.10 Any abrasive blasting conducted in the field shall be subject to the following requirements: The ground shall be covered. Local, regional, and national government offices shall be consulted for restrictions. The contractor shall use only an abrasive blast media that has been approved by the owner or Air Products representative. Because of possible severe health implications, there shall be no silica sand used for any abrasive blasting operations. The responsible Environmental, Health and Safety representative shall be consulted for permits and authorized waste disposal methods for used blast media.
5.5.11 If blast-cleaning reveals a defect in the material of any structural or pressure-containing component, such as cracks, pitting or weld porosity, Air Products shall be promptly contacted. No coatings shall be applied until Air Products has explicitly accepted the defect or its repair.
5.5.12 Once achieved, the specified surface preparation standards must be maintained until all areas are prime painted.
5.6 Materials
5.6.1 If the ambient temperature of the region in which the paints are being stored is below 4°C (40°F), consult the manufacturer’s data sheet for product-specific restrictions.
5.6.2 The manufacturer shall supply the contractor and Air Products with Product Data Sheets (PDS) and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).
5.6.3 Paint shall be purchased in unbroken containers or kits with labels and tags intact. The contractor shall mix paints in factory supplied kit quantities, to assure the accurate correct ratio. Mixing of partial kits is prohibited. The contractor shall mix only the number of kits that will be applied well within the pot-life time.
5.6.4 Additives, including thinner, color tints, and accelerators, shall be in exact accordance with the paint manufacturer’s recommendations. Generic brand additives are not permitted.
5.6.5 Paints shall be thoroughly stirred and kept at a uniform consistency during application in accordance with the manufacturer’s data sheets. Paints shall not be thinned beyond the ratios recommended by the manufacturer.
5.6.6 Many paints and solvents produce vapors that can be hazardous to health and the environment. These vapors may be flammable, explosive, toxic, asphyxiating, or otherwise hazardous. The recommendations given by the manufacturer’s MSDS shall be followed. The use of hazardous solvents shall be minimized. The control and disposal of these substances shall comply with all national, regional, and local regulations and remain the responsibility of the contractor and all of the contractor’s subcontractors.
5.7 Paint Application
5.7.1 When spray painting at an Air Products site, care shall be taken to avoid paint drift into adjacent areas. Surfaces which are excluded from painting shall be protected from spray paint drift, including instruments, gauges, labels, valve stems, motor shafts, and exteriors of pre-painted metal buildings. The contractor shall be responsible for any and all paint which lands on surfaces that should not be painted, including automobiles, buildings, or equipment. The contractor shall clean or replace any items damaged by overspray, drift, drips, or spilled paint. The contractor shall supply automobile covers when necessary.
5.7.2 Surface dryness, surface temperature, ambient temperature, and humidity shall be within the recommended range give by the manufacturer’s product data sheet. Also, the temperature of the paint shall be per the product data sheet. If the actual temperature, humidity, or surface moisture might breach the manufacturer’s recommendations, then a different paint product might be considered. (See paragraph 6.2.1.)
5.7.3 Only after mechanical and structural inspections are complete may paint be applied. Pressure-containing equipment that is to be shop pressure tested, shall not be painted until the testing is completed. Similarly, field welds shall not be painted until field pressure testing is completed. (See paragraph 5.3.)
5.7.4 Before application of a coating, all surfaces shall be inspected in good light to ensure that no rust or contamination is visible.
5.7.5 All corners, crevices, welds and edges, and extending at least 25 mm (1 in) on both sides, shall be brush coated (stripe coated) before application of the first full coat of paint. Permanently installed nuts, bolts and washers shall also be stripe coated. This stripe coat shall be thoroughly worked into the surface to penetrate all crevices and cavities. The stripe coat shall be tinted for color contrast with the subsequent paint coat. The stripe coat shall be given time to dry (cure) before application of subsequent coating.
5.7.6 When painting equipment and materials that will be field welded, the area that might be burned by the welding shall be covered with masking taped before shop painting. For example, pipe ends that will be field welded shall be masked at least 50 mm (2 in) at the end. The masking tape might be left in place to provide surface protection during shipping.
5.7.7 Each paint coat shall be smooth, free of defects, fully bonded, and of proper thickness. Any runs and sags shall be removed. The top coat shall have a smooth and uniform color and finish.
5.7.8 Underthickness areas, where the paint thickness is less than the recommended minimum, shall receive additional coats to the nearest panel or structural edge, as required to achieve the required overall thickness.
5.7.9 The applied paint shall be allowed to dry (cure) before handling, in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, involving temperature, humidity, and time. Similarly, over-coats shall be applied in the time window specified by the paint manufacturer.
5.7.10 Before overcoating an epoxy paint, the surface shall be checked for amine blush. If any greasy or waxy film is detectable, then the entire surface shall be thoroughly washed with clean water and dried.
5.7.11 Contamination of the surfaces between coats shall be prevented. If contamination does occur, surfaces shall be pressure washed and dried before the next coat of paint is applied.
5.8 Inspection, Marking, and Documentation
5.8.1 The contractor shall inspect the dry film thickness (DFT) of each applied coating to ensure compliance with Air Products specifications and SSPC PA 2. The coating manufacturer’s minimum or maximum DFT limitations shall never be violated. Air Products reserves the right to review and verify any DFT measurements.
5.8.2 After completion of all painting, the contractor shall thoroughly inspect the work for deficiencies in the coating. Air Products has the right to inspect the quality. Any defective material or workmanship, and any nonconformance to specifications, shall be corrected to the satisfaction of Air Products.
5.8.3 After the item is finish painted, it shall be marked to identify the paints that were used by manufacturer and product number, and the date. The markings should be made directly on the equipment using compatible paint, or on permanent labels.
5.8.4 For all shop-painted items, a Record of Paint Application (Appendix A) must be completed and included in the Production Data Book. When painting in the field, the Coating Project Inspection Report (Appendix B) shall be completed and mailed to the Air Products project manager.
6. PAINT SYSTEMS
6.1 This specification lists paint systems for approximately 18 different services. This is a simplification of the large array of available paints, and of all the possible painting situations. The painter is welcome to suggest alternative paint systems which provide equal or better performance, or might better suit the particular situation. The Air Products Project Manager, or Subject Matter Expert (SME) (see ESKB for contact information) needs to be consulted regarding alternate paint systems.
6.1.1 If the temperature, humidity, and/or surface conditions for applying the paint deviate from the recommendations given in the manufacturer’s product data sheet, then a different paint product should be considered. Many paint products are available in low-temperature formulations. Additives supplied by the paint manufacture to accelerate low temperature curing may be used in accordance with their recommendations. Paints shall be used only in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. (See previous paragraph.)
6.2 Sherwin-Williams offers discounts and technical support through a global supply agreement. By stating that the materials are for an Air Products project, the contractor should receive the discount. For further information, contact a local Sherwin-Williams sales representative. www.sherwinwilliams.com.
6.3 Approved Coatings for Uninsulated Carbon Steel from Ambient to 93°C (200°F)
Note: A designation for one, two, or three-coat paint system should be given by the contract documents or drawings. Paint code C093U should have a suffix which designates the paint system. If the designation for one, two, or three-coat paint is not found, contact Air Products.
6.3.1 The single-coat painting is to be a two-component self-priming epoxy, gloss or semi-gloss finish. The minimum surface preparation is to be SSPC SP-1 chemical clean, plus SSPC SP-7 brush-off blast clean and/or SSPC SP-3 power tool clean. The same paint and surface preparation are to be used for field touch-up. Suggested products, which are available in a wide range of colors, are:
Table 2 Single-Coat Paint Systems for Un-Insulated Carbon Steel, -40° to 93°C (200°F): C093U-1
| Manufacturer | Paint Product | Total DFT | |
| mil | micron | ||
| Carboline Company | Carboguard 60 | 4 – 6 | 100 – 150 |
| Devoe – International Protective Coatings | Bar-Rust 235 | 4 – 8 | 100 – 200 |
| International Protective Coatings | Intergard 345 | 4 – 6 | 100 – 150 |
| Jotun | Pilot ACR | 4 – 6 | 100 – 150 |
| PPG Protective Coatings | Sigmacover 400 | 4 – 8 | 100 – 200 |
| Amerlock 2 or 400 | 4 – 8 | 100 – 200 | |
| Sherwin-Williams | Macropoxy 646 | 5 – 10 | 125 – 250 |
6.3.2 The two-coat paint systems consist of a self-priming epoxy primer, plus a top coat of an acrylic polyurethane with gloss or semi-gloss finish. The surface preparation shall be as recommended by the manufacturer’s product data sheet, but not less than SSPC SP-1 chemical clean, plus SSPC SP-6 commercial blast clean, and/or minimum SSPC SP-3 power tool clean. This paint system and surface preparation are the same for field touch-up.
Table 3 Two-Coat Paint Systems for Un-Insulated Carbon Steel, -40° to 93°C (200°F): C093U-2
| Manufacturer | Base Coat | Top Coat | Total DFT | |
| mil | micron | |||
| Carboline Company | Carboguard 60 | Carbothane 134HG | 6 – 11 | 150 – 280 |
| Devoe – International Protective Coatings | Bar-Rust 235 | Devthane 379H | 6 – 11 | 150 – 280 |
| International Protective Coatings | Intergard 345 | Interthane 990HS | 6 – 11 | 150 – 280 |
| Jotun | Penguard Express MIO | Hardtop XP | 6 – 11 | 150 – 280 |
| PPG Protective Coatings | Sigmacover 630 | Sigmadur 188 or 550 | 7 – 10 | 170 – 260 |
| Amerlock 400 | Amercoat 450H | 6 – 12 | 150 – 300 | |
| Sherwin-Williams | Macropoxy 646 | Hi-Solids Polyurethane | 8 – 12 | 200 – 300 |
6.3.3 The three-coat paint system consists of a zinc-rich primer, an epoxy intermediate coat, and a acrylic polyurethane top coat. The primer is to be a two- or three-component epoxy, with more than 58% solids by volume, and with more than 65% organic or inorganic zinc material in the dry solids. The primer should comply with SSPC-Paint 20. The intermediate paint is to be a high-build epoxy. The top coat is to be an acrylic polyurethane with gloss or semi-gloss finish. The surface preparation shall be as recommended by the manufacturer’s product data sheet, but not less than SSPC SP-1 chemical clean, plus SSPC SP-6 commercial blast clean. Minimum surface preparation for field touchup solvent clean, plus SSPC SP-3 power tool clean. Listed below are approved paint systems. Equivalent systems from other manufacturers are acceptable. (See paragraph 5.2.)
Table 4 Three-Coat Paint Systems for Un-Insulated Carbon Steel, -40° to 93°C (200°F): C093U-3
| Manufacturer | Primer | Intermediate | Top | Total DFT | |
| Carboline | Carbozinc 859 | Carboguard 893SG | Carbothane 134HG | 9 – 15 | 180 – 375 |
| International | Interzinc 52 | Intergard 475HS | Interthane 990HS | 8 – 12 | 200 – 300 |
| Cathacoat 313 | Bar-Rust 235 | Devthane 379H | 8 – 12 | 200 – 300 | |
| Jotun | Barrier ZEP | Penguard Express MIO | Hardtop XP | 6 – 12 | 150 – 300 |
| PPG | Sigmazinc 102HS/109HS | Sigmacover 410 or 435 | Sigmadur 188 or 550 | 8 – 15 | 210 – 375 |
| Amercoat 109HS | Amercoat 435 | Amercoat 450H Series | 8 – 15 | 210 – 375 | |
| Sherwin-Williams | Zinc Clad IV | Macropoxy 646 | Hi-Solids Polyurethane | 12 – 18 | 300 – 450 |
6.3.4 Cold galvanizing compounds may be used to repair or touch up galvanized steel surfaces. All points and edges shall be rounded by power sanding. The surface preparation and application shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s data sheets. Coatings shall be sprayed or brushed on in multiple coats to achieve a total DFT of 3 mils (75µ). The following products are approved for use: ZRC Cold Galvanizing Compound, by ZRC Worldwide [2-Coats at 1.5 mil (38µ)] Cold Galvanizing Spray by Rust-Oleum Corp [2-Coats at 1.5 mil (38µ) DFT] Sprayon Galvanizing Compound WL740 [3-Coats at 1 mil (25µ) DFT]
6.4 Stainless steel is only to be painted if called for by the project specifications.
Table 5 Paint Systems for Un-Insulated Stainless Steel, -40° to 93°C (200°F): S093U
| Manufacturer | Base Coat | Top Coat | Total DFT | |
| Carboline Company | Carbomastic 15 | Carbothane 134HG | 6 – 11 | 150 – 280 |
| International Protective Coatings | Interseal 670 HS | Interthane 990HS | 6 – 11 | 150 – 280 |
| Jotun | Penguard Express | Hardtop XP | 6 – 11 | 150 – 280 |
| PPG Protective Coatings | Sigmacover 400 | Sigmadur 188 or 550 | 6 – 10 | 150 – 250 |
| Sherwin-Williams | Macropoxy 646 | Hi-Solids Polyurethane | 7 – 11 | 180 – 280 |
| All — abrasive blast clean to SSPC SP10 (ISO Sa2-1/2) | ||||
6.5 Coating systems for piping, vessels, and equipment based on design temperatures are shown in Table 6. This table shows painting codes correlating to piping isometric drawings. (See paragraph 5.2.) Paint Codes: C = carbon steel, S = stainless steel, TSA = temperature swing absorber, N = under thermal insulation, U = un-insulated, and G = both under insulation and exposed. The number is the maximum temperature in degrees Celsius. A paint of higher temperature rating may be used for most applications. The following table has single and multiple paint codes in groups. All of the listed paint systems may be used on any of the codes in the group. Sherwin-Williams is abbreviated as S-W.
Table 6 Paint Systems Based On Maximum Design Temperatures
Note: Paint code Gxxx should be used for unlisted codes of the same number (maximum temperature). Use paint code G649 for codes x538x.
| Paint | Coating Materials | Available | Surface | Total DFT | ||
| Code | Manufacturer | (see footnotes) | Colors | Prep. | mil | µ |
| C093U | See Section 6.3 | Assorted | ||||
| S093U | See Table 5 | Assorted | ||||
| C093N | Carboline | Thermoline 450 (2 coats) | Red + Gray | SP-10 | 9 – 12 | 225 – 300 |
| + | International | Intertherm 228 (2 coats) | Limited | SP-6 | 7 – 9 | 175 – 225 |
| S093N | Jotun | Epoxy HR (2 coats) | Al + Lt Gray | SP-10 | 8 – 12 | 200 – 300 |
| PPG | Sigmatherm 230 (2 coats) | Pink + Gray | SP-10 | 8 – 12 | 200 – 300 | |
| S-W | Epo-Phen (2 Coats) | Light Gray | SP-10 | 8 – 12 | 200 – 300 | |
| G093 | Carboline | Thermoline 450 (2 coats at 125-175µ) + Carbothane 134HG | Assorted | SP-10 | 12 – 16 | 300 – 400 |
| International | Interplus 256 (2 coats at 75-125µ) + Interthane 990HS | Assorted | SP-6 | 8 – 12 | 200 – 300 | |
| Jotun | Jotamastic 80AL (2 coats at 4 – 6 mil) + Hardtop XP | Assorted | SP-6 | 10 – 14 | 250 – 350 | |
| PPG | Amerlock 400 (2 coats at 100-150µ) + Amercoat 450H | Assorted | SP-10 | 10 – 14 | 250 – 350 | |
| S-W | Epo-Phen (2 Coats at 125-175µ) + Acrolon 218HS | Assorted | SP-10 | 10 – 14 | 350 – 450 | |
| C230U | Carboline | Carbozinc 11 + Themoline 4000 | Limited | SP-10 | 5 – 8 | 125 – 200 |
| International | Interzinc 22HS + Intertherm 1875 | Assorted | SP-10 | 4 – 6 | 100 – 150 | |
| Jotun | Resist 78 + Solvalitt (2 coats) | Limited | SP-10 | 4 – 6 | 100 – 150 | |
| PPG | Sigmazinc 158 + Sigmatherm 350 | Assorted | SP-10 | 3.5 – 5 | 85 – 125 | |
| Hi-Temp 1027 + 500VS | Assorted | SP-6 | 7 – 8.5 | 175 – 220 | ||
| S-W | Heat-Flex Hi-Temp 1200 + Heat-Flex Hi-Temp 500 | Limited | SP-6 | 7 – 8.5 | 175 – 213 | |
| S230U | Carboline | Thermoline 4001 (2 coats) | Gray | SP-10 | 7 – 10 | 175 – 250 |
| + | International | Interbond 1202UPC plus Intertherm 1875 | Limited | SP-10 | 5 – 8 | 125 – 200 |
| TSA230U | Jotun | Jototemp 650 (2 coats) | Black&Gray | SP-10 | 8 – 12 | 200 – 300 |
| PPG | Hi-Temp 1027 + 500VS | Assorted | SP-6 | 6 – 9 | 150 – 230 | |
| S-W | Heat-Flex Hi-Temp 500 (2 coats) | Limited | SP-6 | 4 – 5 | 100 – 125 | |
| C230N | Carboline | Thermoline 450 (2 coats) | Red + Gray | SP-10 | 9 – 12 | 225 – 300 |
| + S230N | International | Intertherm 228, (2 coats) | Limited | SP-6 | 7 – 9 | 175 – 225 |
| + EPX | Jotun | Epoxy HR (2 coats) | Al + Lt Gray | SP-10 | 8 – 12 | 200 – 300 |
| PPG | Sigmatherm 230 (2 coats) | Pink & Gray | SP-10 | 8 – 12 | 200 – 300 | |
| Hi-Temp 1027 (2 coats) | Black&Gray | SP-6 | 5 – 6 | 250 – 300 | ||
| S-W | Epo-Phen (2 Coats) | Light Gray | SP-10 | 8 – 12 | 200 – 300 | |
| TSA230N | Carboline | Thermoline 450 (2 coats) | Red + Gray | SP-10 | 9 – 12 | 225 – 300 |
| International | Intertherm 228 (2 coats) | Limited | SP-6 | 7 – 9 | 170 – 230 | |
| Jotun | Jototemp 650 (2 coats) | Black&Gray | SP-10 | 8 – 12 | 200 – 300 | |
| PPG | Hi-Temp 1027 (2 coats) | Black&Gray | SP-6 | 5 – 6 | 250 – 300 | |
| S-W | Heat-Flex Hi-Temp 1200 (2 coats) | Gray | SP-6 | 10 –12 | 250 – 300 | |
Table 6 – Continued
| Paint | Coating Materials | Available | Surface | Total DFT | ||
| Code | Manufacturer | (see footnotes) | Colors | Prep. | mil | µ |
| G230 | Carboline | Thermoline 4001 (2 coats) | Gray | SP-10 | 7 – 10 | 175 – 250 |
| International | Interbond 1202UPC (2 ct at 75 to 100µ) + Intertherm 1875 (optional) (1) | Limited(1) (Gray) | SP-10 | 7-10 | 175 – 250 | |
| Jotun | Jototemp 650 (2 coats) | Black&Gray | SP-10 | 8 – 12 | 200 – 300 | |
| PPG | Hi-Temp 1027 (2 coats at 125-150µ) + 500VS (optional) (1) | Limited (1) (Black&Gray) | SP-6 | 12 – 14 | 300 – 350 | |
| S-W | Heat-Flex Hi-Temp 1200 (2 coats at 125-150µ) + Heat-Flex Hi-Temp 500 (optional) (1) | Limited (1) (Black & Gray) | SP-6 | 12 – 14 | 300 – 350 | |
| TSA400U | Carboline | Thermoline 4001 (2 coats) | Gray | SP-10 | 7 – 10 | 175 – 250 |
| +C400U | International | Interbond 1202UPC (2 coats) | Aluminum | SP-10 | 6 – 9 | 150 – 225 |
| +S400U | Jotun | Jototemp 650 (2 coats) | Black&Gray | SP-10 | 8 – 12 | 200 – 300 |
| +C649U | PPG | Hi-Temp 1027 + 1000VS | Limited | SP-6 | 6 – 9 | 150 – 225 |
| S-W | Heat-Flex Hi-Temp 1200 + Heat-Flex Hi-Temp 1000 | Limited | SP-6 | 7 – 8.5 | 175 – 213 | |
| G400 | Carboline | Thermoline 4001 (2 coats) | Gray | SP-10 | 7 – 10 | 175 – 250 |
| +G649 | International | Interbond 1202UPC (2 coats at 75 to 100µ) | Aluminum | SP-10 | 7-10 | 175 – 250 |
| Jotun | Jototemp 650 (2 coats) | Black&Gray | SP-10 | 8 – 12 | 200 – 300 | |
| PPG | Hi-Temp 1027 (2 coats at 125-150µ) + 1000VS (optional) (1) | Limited (1) (Black&Gray) | SP-6 | 12 – 14 | 300 – 350 | |
| S-W | Heat-Flex Hi-Temp 1200 (2 coats at 125-150µ) + Heat-Flex Hi-Temp 1000 (optional) (1) | Limited (1) (Black & Gray) | SP-6 | 12 – 14 | 300 – 350 | |
| S-185N | Carboline | Thermoline 4001 (2 coats) | Gray | SP-10 | 7 – 10 | 175 – 250 |
| International | Intertherm 228 (2 coats) | Limited | SP-10 | 7 – 10 | 175 – 250 | |
| Jotun | Jototemp 650 (2 coats) | Black&Gray | SP-10 | 8 – 12 | 200 – 300 | |
| PPG | Amercoat 90HS (2 coats) | Limited | SP-10 | 8 to 12 | 200 – 300 | |
| Hi-Temp 1027 (2 coats) | Black&Gray | SP-6 | 8 to 12 | 200 – 300 | ||
| S-W | Heat-Flex Hi-Temp 1200 (2 coats) | Gray | SP-6 | 10 –12 | 250 – 300 | |
| TEMP | Carboline | Carbocoat 150UP | Red | SP-1&3 | 2 – 3 | 50 – 75 |
| International | Interprime 198 | Red | SP-1&3 | 2 – 3 | 50 – 75 | |
| Jotun | Red Oxide Primer | Brown-Red | SP-1&3 | 1 – 2 | 30 – 50 | |
| PPG | Sigmarine 28 | Brown-Red | SP-1&3 | 2 – 3 | 50 – 75 | |
| S-W | Steel Spec Primer | Brown-Red | SP-1&3 | 2 – 3 | 50 – 75 | |
| NOPT | No Paint Required | |||||
(1) The topcoat is required only when a color is specified, for codes G230 and G400 (230°C and 400°C). There are no topcoats for code G649. The gray of the base paint is normally acceptable.
Table 7Finish Colors for Painting Piping, Equipment, and Structures
| Item | Color |
| Machinery, structural steel, skids, ladders, cages, vents, silencers, and coolers; uninsulated piping systems and vessels | Window Gray (RAL 7040) |
| Insulated piping systems, vessels and equipment | As available |
| Cold boxes, storage tanks, and control and electrical panels not mounted to other equipment | Pure White (RAL 9010) |
| Control and electrical panels mounted to other equipment | Match to equipment |
| Tops of ungalvanized handrails; tops and bottoms of ungalvanized ladders | Traffic Yellow (RAL 1023) |
| Fire protection equipment | Signal Red (RAL 3001) |
| Air Products name and logo | Green (RAL 6024) |
| Text associated with and below company name and logo | Black (RAL 6008) |
| Gen Gas Device Skids including HPNs, GNs, all models of VSAs, N2 PSA Systems, N2 Membrane Systems and Harvest Hydrogen Systems. | Pure White (RAL 9010) |
Note: The manufacturer’s standard colors are acceptable for high temperature paints.
6.6 Finish colors shall be in accordance with Table 7, unless otherwise stated in the project-specific documents. Note: The manufacturer’s standard colors may be used for high-temperature paints. Table 6 lists suggested standard paint colors for high temperature paints.
6.7 Different and appropriate paint systems shall be used where sections of equipment have different design conditions and finish color requirements, such as the exposed legs of an insulated high temperature vessel. The Air Products project engineer should be contacted if assistance is needed with the paint selection and boundaries.
7. Alternatives for Corrosion Protection – PROJECT SPECIFIC
7.1 Petrolatum tape may be used on carbon steel materials when the necessary abrasive blasting for proper coating application is not possible. Consult with Air Products before using these products. Products and application are subject to the following requirements and restrictions:
7.1.1 Denso Hotline, Carboline Carbowrap, or equivalent tape may be used within the temperature limits of the manufacturer [Denso Hotline to 110°C (230°F)].
7.1.2 The tape is made from a flammable petroleum-based material. In oxidizer service, the tape shall not be used within a distance of 1.2 m (4 ft) in the horizontal plane and 3.1 m (10 ft) in the vertical plane from any flanges, valves, relief valves, pumps or compressors, or any other locations at which oxidizer process leakage might occur.
7.1.3 Surfaces shall be hand or power-tool cleaned before application. The tape manufacturer’s instructions shall be followed, including the surface preparation and the use of primer.
7.1.4 The Carboline Overwrap shall be used over Carbowrap tape where it is exposed to weather, personnel traffic or abrasion, under pipe supports, or in direct contact with soil.
7.2 Pure aluminum foil may be used for corrosion protection under insulation on stainless steel materials. The use of aluminum foil is subject to the following requirements and restrictions:
7.2.1 The operating temperatures must be between 50° and 400°C (120° and 752°F) and shall never be below ambient temperature.
7.2.2 The aluminum foil shall not be allowed to contact any carbon steel components of the system, because iron oxide and aluminum can react violently.
7.2.3 All sharp edges, corner points, and roughness shall be removed.
7.2.4 The surfaces shall be cleaned per section 5.5.4 (SSPC SP-1), dry, and free of all chlorides. Abrasive blasting is not necessary.
7.2.5 The foil shall be soft anneal high-purity aluminum, alloy 1100 or equal, with no backing or adhesive. The foil shall be not less than 0.06 mm (2.4 mils) thickness. (US Foils Inc, Cleveland OH, Style AUSF46 aluminum strip, or equal.)
7.2.6 Personnel applying the tape shall wear clean dry gloves to avoid touching the stainless steel with bare hands. The gloves are also to provide hand protection.
7.2.7 The tape shall be wrapped in the direction which best sheds water, typically from the bottom up. The foil shall be applied as tightly as possible without creases. Torn or damaged foil shall not be used.
7.2.8 There should be a minimum 50 mm (2 in) overlap between adjacent layers. The overlapping joints shall be sealed with thinner aluminum foil strip with adhesive backing.
7.2.9 The bare aluminum foil wrap may be secured on flanges, elbows, tees, and other discontinuities with adhesive aluminum foil tape and/or stainless steel wire. This adhesive to the tape shall have less than 10 ppm chlorides content.
7.2.10 The thermal insulation and weatherproofing shall be promptly installed over the aluminum foil wrap.
Appendix A Record of Paint Application
| Air Products P.O. No. | Supplier | ||||
| Air Products Item/Tag No. | Supplier Shop No. | ||||
| Serial No. | Manufacturer of the coating | ||||
| I. Surface Preparation | |||||
| A. Surface condition before primer coat | |||||
| II. Primer Coat | |||||
| A. Which primer used | |||||
| B. Dry film thickness, actual | |||||
| C. Mfg. batch number | |||||
| III. Intermediate Coat | |||||
| A. Which intermediate used | |||||
| B. Dry film thickness, actual | |||||
| C. Mfg. batch number | |||||
| IV. Finish Coat | |||||
| A. Which finish used | |||||
| B. Dry film thickness, actual | |||||
| C. Mfg. batch number | |||||
| V. Paint Touch-Up Required | |||||
| Describe | |||||
| Supplier’s Quality Assurance Representative and Date | |||||
| Note: Supplier to fill out all applicable information in Paragraphs I through V. | |||||
| VI. Supplier’s Verification Signature | |||||
| Quality Assurance Manager | |||||
| Name | Title | Date | |||
| This document must be completed and returned BEFORE SHIPMENT to the Engineering Data Department at Air Products. | |||||
| Received | Date | ||||
| (Air Products Engineering Data) | |||||
*Steel Structures Painting Council (SSPC) Form 7951/94
Appendix B Coating Project Inspection Report
| |||||||||
| Inspector: | JSAs | Safety daily reports | |||||||
| Foreman: | “What-IF” | ||||||||
| Time | Location | Wet Bulb | Rel. Hum. | Dew Point | 5°F surface-dew | ||||
| Coating with Product name and batch number | |||||||||
| Item Name | Operation | Profile reading | Coating | Batch number | Thinner name and amount | ||||
| Surface Preparation | √=good, NA= doesn’t apply, X= no good | Coating application | √=good, NA= doesn’t apply, X= no good | Misc. stuff | |||||
| Condition of the edges, weld spatter, etc. | Protective covering | Did you look at the MSDS sheet? | |||||||
| Grease & oil removed | Surround air clean | Hours on site? | |||||||
| Ground cover | Type of application | How many painters on site? | |||||||
| Clean & dry abrasive | Intercoat cleanliness | ||||||||
| Type & size abrasive | Wind direction | ||||||||
| Has all abrasive clean up (daily) | Visible moisture | ||||||||
| Water washer pressure | Soluble salt testing | ||||||||
| Compressed air check | What’s the PH reading | ||||||||
| Any oil leaks or leaks on air hoses | |||||||||
| Nozzle psi | |||||||||
| SP-1 | |||||||||
| SP-2 or SP-3 or SP-11 | |||||||||
| SP-5, NACE 1 or SP-10, NACE 2 | |||||||||
| SP-6, NACE 3 | Airless | ||||||||
| SP-7, NACE 4 | Spray Conventional | ||||||||
| Blotter test | Brush and roll | ||||||||
| Profile (using Replica tape) | Holiday detection req. | ||||||||
| ASTM C136 sieve analysis | Avg. W.F.T | ||||||||
| WJ-1, WJ-2, WJ-3 or WJ-4 | Avg. D.F.T | Signature | |||||||
| Operation permitted | Operation permitted | ||||||||
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